Kentucky Coffee Tree

Kentucky Coffeetree
Gymnocladus dioicus

Limited Quantities

A bold and distinctive native tree, Kentucky Coffeetree is known for its massive compound leaves, rugged branching structure, and unique tropical appearance. One of the last trees to leaf out in spring and among the first to drop its leaves in autumn, it creates a dynamic seasonal presence in the landscape. Mature trees develop deeply furrowed bark and produce large seed pods that persist into winter, adding visual interest year-round.

Historically, the roasted seeds were used as a coffee substitute by settlers, giving the tree its common name. The raw seeds and pods are toxic if consumed without proper preparation. Kentucky Coffeetree is dioecious, meaning male and female flowers occur on separate trees. Female trees produce the large ornamental seed pods. Might as well get two!

Highly tolerant of urban conditions, drought, and poor soils, this species is exceptionally resilient and well-suited for modern landscapes, restoration projects, and climate-adaptive plantings.

Growing Conditions

Height: 60–75 ft
Spread: 40–50 ft
Light: Full sun
Soil: Adaptable to a wide range of soils including clay, loam, and sandy soils
Hardiness: Zone 3–8
Growth Rate: Moderate
Tolerates drought, urban pollution, compacted soils, and occasional flooding
Best planted in open landscapes with room to mature

Ecological Value

Provides habitat and shelter for birds and wildlife
Large canopy contributes to cooling and carbon sequestration
Deep roots help stabilize soils
An important native tree for biodiversity and climate resilience

Larval Host Plant For
Supports several native moth species and beneficial insects

Companion Species

Bur Oak (Quercus macrocarpa)
Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis)
Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
American Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)
Blue Vervain (Verbena hastata)
Wild Bergamot (Monarda fistulosa)
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum)

Planting to Protect
Restoring to Thrive
Origin Native Plants

1 Gallon Pots